Open for viewing at any time during daylight hours. OS map 198, 122 TQ185107
Bramber castle is a favourite with visitors, comprising of standing ruins and the remains of earthworks in a peaceful setting amongst grass, all surrounded by a large interesting defensive ditch.
Bramber castle was built around 1073, just after the Battle of
Hastings in 1066, and occupied from 1075 to about 1450 by the
descendants of the founder, William de Braose. Excavation has shown that the
current massive bank and ditch enclosure replaced an earlier motte and bailey
form. The ditch defensive enclosure is best preserved on the southern flank of
the site but on the north it has been combined with a very steep natural slope.
Please be careful on the slopes!
Excavations carried out in 1966-7 indicate how
the castle evolved from a 'motte and bailey' type fortification to an 'enclosure' type in the 12th century, with a stone keep, gatehouse
and curtain wall. Subsequent alterations and rebuilding were carried out in the
14th century, however large scale subsidence saw the ruin of the castle during
the 16th century.
The castle was established as a defensive and administrative centre for the
newly established Rape of Bramber (administrative area). The motte was raised
nine metres above the level of the mound using marl quarried from an encircling
ditch 15-17 metres wide and up to four metres deep. The whole mound, 170 metres
north-south by 85 metres east-west, was enclosed within a wall or palisade, and
a stone gatehouse guarded the only entrance on the south side. The motte was
abandoned in the 12th century and a stone tower keep of three storeys was built
over the gatehouse, and the motte ditch was backfilled.
An outer ditch, in
places 25 metres deep, below the hill top was dug around the hill and on its
outer edge a bank was constructed to further strengthen the defences. Around the
mound the wall was renewed or replaced in stone and still survives to a height
of some three metres on the west side.
The motte and fragments of standing stonework, possibly that of the keep, were
mapped from aerial photographs as part of the English Heritage South Downs
National Mapping Programme. All that remains of the castle is the mound on
which the castle stood and fragments of masonry of the surrounding wall.
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